Timeline of Genocide Incidents in the Central Goldfields Region
CONTENT WARNING: Many of the primary sources linked on this timeline contain racist language or sentiment and graphic accounts of settler-colonial violence against indigenous people.
| Appx.* | Date | Number killed | Location | Source | Source Files |
| II | Before August 8, 1846 | 3 – 4 | San Juan Region | Colton, Three Years in California, 25 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0088a.pdf |
| II | 1849? | 2 | American River | Konnock summarized in Lienhard, Pioneer at Sutter’s Fort, 185 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0095a.pdf |
| II | 1849 | 2 | “Deer Creek cañon” | Martin, “Pioneer Sketches I,” 80 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0096a.pdf |
| III | 1849 | 76 – 100 | Summary of killings by Oregonians in and around Coloma, including incidents already listed | Case, “Notes,” 174; Delavan, Notes on California, 46 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0655b.jpg |
| I | February, 1849 | 3 | Near Coloma | Sacramento Transcript, June 24, 1850, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0004a.pdf |
| I | ~End of March, 1849 | 10 | American River | Coronel, Tales of California, 62 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0005a.jpg |
| I | ~End of March, 1849 | 4 | At and near Hicks’s Ranch near the Consumnes River | Coronel, Tales of California, 62 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0006a.jpg |
| III | March (?) 1849 | 30 | Sutter’s Mill | Sacramento Transcript, June 24, 1850, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0656.pdf |
| I | Before April 12, 1849 | 3 | Murderer’s Bar, middle fork of the American River | Bancroft, Works, 23:100-101 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0007a.jpg |
| II | April 13 or 14, 1849 | 2 – 4 | Near Coloma | Placer Times, May 5, 1849, 1; Johnson, Sights in the Gold Region, 158 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0098a.jpg |
| III | April 16, 1849 | 14 – 30 | “at the mouth of” Weber’s Creek, Near Coloma, El Dorado County | Ross, “Narrative of an Indian Fighter,” 15; DAC, May 1, 1849, 2; E.G.B. in DAC, May 10, 1849, 2; Bancroft, History of California, 6:100-101; Perpetrators summarized in Johnson, Sights in the Gold Region, 181; Case, “Notes Supplementary to his ‘Reminiscences’,” 171; Ryan, Personal Adventures, 2:300 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0657.pdf
http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0657a.pdf
http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0657d.pdf
http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0657e.jpg
|
| III | April 19, 1849 | 4 – 7 | Coloma | DAC, May 1, 1849, 2; E.G.B. in DAC, May 10, 1849, 2; Grant summarized in Johnson, Sights in the Gold Region, 182; Clayton paraphrased in Lyman, “Mrs. Fanny Clayton’s Account,” 183; Henshaw, “Statement of Historical Events in California in early times after Am.-occupn,” 2; Case, “Notes Supplementary to his ‘Reminiscences,’” 173; Ross, “Narrative of an Indian Fighter,” 17; Ryan, Personal Adventures, 2:301 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0658.pdf
http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0658e.pdf
|
| III | A few days after April 19, 1849 | 11 | Near Coloma and Goff’s Cabin | Case paraphrased in Lyman, “Reminiscences of Wm. M. Case,” 287; Case, “Notes Supplementary to his ‘Reminiscences,’” 173-174 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0659a.pdf
http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0659b.pdf
|
| I | A few days after April 19, 1849 | 6 (5+1) “all the men, and one woman” | “the tules of a swamp of a marshy lake” possibly near Colom | Ross, “Narrative” 17. Note: not used to calculate total number…may be included in Case and Delevan’s summary of killings around Coloma in Appendix III | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i1056a.pdf |
| II | A few days after April 19, 1849 | 3 | Near Coloma | Case, “Notes By William M. Case,” 173-174 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0099a.pdf |
| II | April 26, 1849 | 2 | American River | Daylor in Placer Times, May 12, 1849, 1 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0100a.jpg |
| I | Before May 5, 1849 | 3 | Near the Middle Fork of the American River | Placer Times, May 5, 1849, 1 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0008a.pdf |
| II | Autumn 1849 | 3 | Perhaps near Coloma and Placerville | Letts, California Illustrated, 111 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0106a.jpg |
| II | Before October 21, 1849 | 2 | West fork of the Feather River | Lord, October 21 journal entry in Lord, At the Extremity of Civilization, 159 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0105a.pdf |
| II | After December 15, 1849 | 2 | Near Illinoistown, Placer County | Angel, History of Placer County, 359 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0109a.jpg |
| I | “The latter part of February” 1850 | 3 | Between Sacramento and Coloma | Sacramento Transcript, June 24, 1850, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0014.pdf |
| III | Late March or early April, 1850 | 5 – 6 (“four or five men and one squaw”) | Deer Creek | Sacramento Transcript, April 5, 1850, 2; DAC, April 8, 1850, 2; Picayune, May 30, 1850, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0674.pdf |
| III | Late March or early April, 1850 | 18 (including a woman) | Deer Creek | Sacramento Transcript, April 5, 1850, 2; DAC, April 8, 1850, 2; Picayune, May 30, 1850, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0675.pdf |
| III | April, 1850 | 20+ | Near Illinoistown, Placer County | Angel, History of Placer County, 359 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0677a.jpg |
| II | Between April 9 and 13, 1850 | 2 | Near Yuba River | Lord, April 13, 1850 journal entry in Lord, At the Extremity of Civilization, 231 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0123a.jpg |
| III | Before April 12, 1850 | 25 | “vicinity of Rough & Ready Diggings,” west of Grass Valley and Nevada City | Sacramento Transcript, April 12, 1850, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0676.pdf |
| III | Before April 14, 1850 | 70 – 80 (multiple events) | North Fork of the North Fork, Yuba River | Miner, April 14, 1850 in Sacramento Transcript, April 25, 1850, 2; Sacramento Placer Times, April 26, 1850, 3 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0678.pdf |
| III | Late April or early May, 1850 | 7 | North Fork of the American River near Barnes’ Bar and Kelly’s Bar | Woodman in Sacramento Transcript, May 4, 1850, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0679.pdf |
| III | May 4, 1850 | 25+ | “near Illinoistown, about a mile and a half from the North Fork, and some twenty miles above Auburn” | Sacramento Transcript, May 9, 1850, 2; DAC, May 11, 1850, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0680.pdf |
| I | Campaign Beginning May 5, 1850 | 1 | Area near Grass Valley and Johnson’s Ranch on Bear Creek | Byrne, “Historical Sketch of Grass Valley” in Bean, Bean’s History, 186-187 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0018a.pdf |
| II | Before May 14, 1850 | 4 | Sierra Foothills near Deer Creek | Correspondent, May 14, 1850, in Sacramento Transcript, May 23, 1850, 1 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0125a.jpg |
| I | Mid May 1850 | 1 | Grass Valley | Correspondent to Sacramento Transcript in DAC, May 25, 1850, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0019a.pdf |
| III | May 23, 1850 | 5 | Near “Strafford Bar, North Fork” | J.C.W. to Placer Times, June 3, 1850, 3 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0686.pdf |
| II | After September 20, 1850 | 1 | Rough and Ready | Morse, “Story of a Gold Miner,” 234 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0133a.pdf |
| II | September of 1850 (or later) | 3 | Between Scott’s Bar and the Sacramento River | Ross, “Narrative of an Indian Fighter,” 22 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0134a.pdf |
| III | October 17, 1850 | 7 – 8 (“including two or three” females) | Near “West Branch of Feather river” about “two or three miles” from “Kellen’s old trading post” | Ford in Marysville Herald, October 22, 1850, 2; DAC, October 27, 1850, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0699.pdf |
| II | Before October 28, 1850 | 3 | Toward North Branch, Cosumnes River | McKinney to Rogers, October 28, 1850 and Rogers to Winn, October 29, 1850, IWP, 3753:10 | |
| II | Late 1850? | 3 | Near Bridgeport on the Yuba River | Bates, Incidents on Land and Water…, 179 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0139a.pdf |
| II | Before November 5, 1850 | 1 | “in the neighborhood of Weaverville, some twelve miles from Coloma” | Pigman, November 5, 1850 journal entry in Pigman, Journal of Walter Griffith Pigman, 45 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0138a.jpg |
| II | December, 1850 | 4 | El Dorado County | Sacramento Transcript, January 13, 1851, 3 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0140a.jpg |
| III | January 3, 1851 | 9 | “Pleasant Valley…about five miles north-east of Johnson’s ranch, in El Dorado county” | Sacramento Transcript, January 8, 1851, 2, reprinted in Marysville Herald, January 10, 1851, 3 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0703.pdf |
| II | Before January 4, 1851 | 4 | Near “Pilot Hill, which is situated between the South and Middle Forks of the American river.” | Sacramento Transcript, January 4, 1851, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0143a.jpg |
| III | January 23, 1851 | 6 + | “two miles on the north of the South Fork of the American River” | W Graham to Editors, January 25, 1851 in Sacramento Transcript, January 29, 1851, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0708.pdf |
| II | On or before February 22, 1851 | 1 | American Fork outside of Coloma | Rogers to Winn, February 22, 1851, IWP, F3753:41 | |
| III | Early March, 1851 | 5 | “about fifteen miles above Mosquito Canon” | Ashby in SDU, March 24, 1851, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0712.pdf |
| II | Before March 22, 1851 | 1 | Rough and Ready | Marysville Herald, March 22, 1851, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0147a.jpg |
| II | May 10, 1851 | 4 | “about six miles from Johnson’s Ranch, above Hangtown” | Co.’s Express in SDU, May 13, 1851, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0159a.jpg |
| III | May 25, 1851 | 12 – 15 | “south fork of the American river” | Letter in Placer Times summarized in DAC, May 28, 1851, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0720.pdf |
| II | June, 1851? | 1 | Near Brown’s Ranch, near the Consumnes River | Lovell, July 2, 1851 in DAC, July 6, 1851, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0165a.jpg |
| II | Between November 3 and November 6, 1851 | 1 | Near Bean’s Bar, Feather River | Folger in SDU, November 18, 1851, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0169a.jpg |
| II | Winter of 1851-1852 | 3 | At or near Natchez, in Yuba County | Dustin to Brother, March 7, 1852 in Letters of Daniel Dustin | |
| II | Winter of 1851-1852 | 1 | At or near Natchez, in Yuba County | Dustin to Brother, March 7, 1852 in Letters of Daniel Dustin | |
| III | Winter of 1851-1852 | 6 | In the vicinity of Natchez, Yuba County | Dustin to Brother, March 7, 1852 in Letters of Daniel Dustin | |
| III | Before February 19, 1852 | 6 – 8 | Near “Nelson’s Creek and Barker’s Ranch” in “Feather River country,” | Marysville Herald in SDU, February 20, 1852, 2; DAC, February, 20, 1852, 2; Dustin to Brother, March 7, 1852 in Letters of Daniel Dustin | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0736.pdf |
| II | February 22, 1852 | 1 | Between “Salmon Falls” and “Alder Springs, on the Coloma road” | SDU, February 24, 1852, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0182a.jpg |
| II | ~March 27, 1852 | 1 | “Reese’s corral” in El Dorado County | SDU, April 12, 1852, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0190a.jpg |
| II | Early May (?), 1852 | 3 | “near Bridgport” (near Downieville) | SDU, June 4, 1852, 2; DAC, June 5, 1852, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0193a.jpg
|
| II | Early June (?), 1852 | 1 | Mud Springs, El Dorado County | DAC, June 8, 1852, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0196a.jpg |
| II | Early June (?), 1852 | 2 | French Coral | DAC, June 15, 1852, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0202a.jpg |
| II | June 1, 1852 | 3 | Near “Bridgeport” | SDU, June 4, 1852, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0197a.jpg |
| II | On or after June 2, 1852 | 3 | Wilson’s Ranch, western Nevada County | Nevada Journal, June 5, 1852, 2; DAC, June 8, 1852, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0199b.jpg |
| II | Before June 3, 1852 | 3 | Near “Rough and Ready,” Nevada County | Engle to his brother, June 3, 1852 in Grabhorn, ed., California Gold Rush Miscellany, 35 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0198a.jpg |
| II | June 8, 1852 | 2 | Rough and Ready | SDU, June 10, 1852, 2; DAC, June 11, 1852, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0200a.pdf |
| II | June 9, 1852 | 2 | Near “Bridgeport,” Nevada County | Nevada Journal, June 12, 1852, 2; SDU, June 14, 1852, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0201b.jpg |
| II | Mid-July, 1852 | 1 | Middle Yuba River | DAC, July 28, 1852, 2; SDU, July 29, 1852, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0206a.jpg |
| II | July 19, 1852 | 1 | Near German Bar, Middle Yuba River | SDU, July 29, 1852, 3 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0209a.jpg |
| II | November 5, 1852 | 1 | Washington | SDU, November 7, 1852, 1 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0222a.pdf |
| II | Early January, 1853 | 1 | Near Frenchtown and Lyon’s Ranch | Correspondent, DAC, January 22, 1853, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0224a.jpg |
| II | ND 1853 | 1 | Wells and Chambers, History of Butte County, 217; Anonymous, Memorial and Biographical History of Northern California, Illustrated, 113 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0253a.pdf
|
|
| III | 1853 | 25 | Perhaps near Clark’s ranch or Dogtown, Butte County | Wells and Chambers, History of Butte County, 217; Anonymous, Memorial and Biographical History of Northern California, Illustrated, 113-114 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0755a.pdf
|
| III | March 1, 1853 | 13 | Cave near Oak Grove, Butte County | Lusk in SDU, March 5, 1853, 2; DAC, March 6, 1853, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0758.pdf |
| II | “A few days” before May 6, 1853 | 2 – 3 | “Some miles distant from Auburn” | Weston, May 6, 1853 journal entry in Weston, Life in the Mountains, 8 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0243a.jpg |
| III | May 6, 1853 | ~30 | “about five miles distant from Kelly’s Bar,” on “middle fork of the American River” near Auburn | Weston, May 6 journal entry in Weston, Life in the Mountains, 9-12 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0762a.pdf |
| II | July 30, 1853 | 1 | “Bear River, northeast of Auburn” | Angel, History of Placer County, California, 339 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0246a.jpg |
| II | August 16, 1853 | 1 | Downieville | Downieville Echo in SDU, August 18, 1853, 2; Nevada Journal, September 23, 1853, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0248a.jpg |
| III | Fall, 1853 | 40 – 60 | Near west branch of Feather River | Wells and Chambers, History of Butte County, 217; Anonymous, Memorial and Biographical History of Northern California, Illustrated, 114 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0771a.pdf
|
| II | November 30, 1853 | 1 | Near Fair Play and Grizzly Flat | SDU, December 3, 1853, 2, reprinted in Nevada Journal, December 9, 1853, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0257a.jpg |
| II | January 28, 1854 | 1 | “ten miles below” Placerville | DAC, January 31, 1854, 2 | |
| II | Early February, 1854 | 2 | Near Johnson’s Ranch | Shasta Courier, February 11, 1854, 2 in Nevada Journal, February 24, 1854, 2 | |
| II | June 27, 1854 | 1 | “Harrison’s Diggings” | DAC, July 7, 1854, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0274a.jpg |
| II | On or before July 2, 1854 | 3 | Near Oak Grove, Sierra County | Butte Record, July 8, 1854, 2 | |
| II | September, 1854 | 1 | Grass Valley, Nevada County | Gonzales-Day, Lynching in the West, 214 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0282a.pdf |
| II | September 26, 1855 | 1 | “Christian Valley, on the Auburn road” | Nevada Journal, September 28, 1855, 2; Angel, History of Placer County, California, 339 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0311b.jpg |
| II | April 8, 1857 | 1 | Near Dogtown | Kane in Butte Record, April 11, 1857, 2 | |
| II | Before June 1, 1857 | 1 | “near the road adjoining Keystone Ranch, in Yuba county” | Marysville Inquirer in SDU, June 1, 1857, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0351.pdf |
| II | Before July 14, 1857 | 1 | “near the residence of A.B. Newcomb” near “Berry Creek, Butte county” | Marysville Herald, July 14, 1857 in SDU, July 15, 1857, 3 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0358.pdf |
| II | Late September or early October, 1857 | 2 | Somewhere near Nevada City | Nevada Journal in DAC, October 6, 1857, 1 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0367.pdf |
| II | January 15, 1858 | 1 | “just below Todd’s Ranch” | Placerville Courier in SDU, January 22, 1858, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0375.pdf |
| III | Multiple Engagements before February 4, 1858 | 5 | Todd’s Valley | Adolf, February 4, 1858 in SDU, February 6, 1858, 4 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0848.pdf |
| II | Late May or early June, 1858 | 4 | Eden Valley | DAC, June 4, 1858, 1; SDU, June 7, 1858, 1; Henley to Mix, June 19, 1858, NARA, RG75, M234, Reel 36:815 | |
| III | 3 or 4 months prior to January 13, 1859 | 100+ | Eden Valley Region | SDU, January 13, 1859, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0867.pdf |
| III | December, 1858 | 9 – 11 | Eden Valley | Hall deposition, February 26, 1860, IWP, F3758:449 (this may be the same incident reported below) | |
| III | December 31, 1858 | 14 – 15 | Eden Valley | Cloverdale correspondent, January 5, 1859 in DAC, January 9, 1859, 1; Hastings in DAC, January 11, 1859, 1, reprinted in SDU, January 13, 1859, 2 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0863.pdf |
| III | The two weeks before April 2, 1859 | 240 | Summary of two weeks of Eden Valley killings | Dillon to Johnson, March 23, 1859. April 2, 1859 addendum, IWP, F3753:356 | |
| III | Before April, 1859 | 14 | In or near Eden Valley | Hastings deposition, March 13, 1860, MMR, 30 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0875a.jpg |
| II | May, 1859 | 2 | “on the south side of the Cosumnes river at Michigan Bar” in Sacramento County | SDU, December 14, 1859, 5; SDU, February 4, 1860, 3 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0420.pdf |
| II | On or before July 1, 1859 | 2 | “along the streambed of the Cosumnes River, near Michigan Bar” | McKanna, Race and Homicide in Nineteenth-Century California, 90 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0428a.pdf |
| II | Late May or early June, 1860 | 1 | San Juan | DAC, June 3, 1860, 1 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0456.pdf |
| II | October 17, 1860 | 1 | “Peoria Bar” | Plumas Standard in SDU, October 26, 1860, 3 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0466.pdf |
| II | November 1, 1861 | 2 | Placerville jail yard | Yreka Union, November 16, 1861, 4 | |
| II | July, 1863 | 6+ | Multiple Butte County events including the killing of three at Dogtown | Schrader in Marysville Appeal, July 29, 1863, 3 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0545.pdf |
| II | Last week of July, 1863 | 2 | Yankee Hill | Gillis and Magliari, John Bidwell and California, 272 | http://nahc.ca.gov/webmaster/atlas/evidence/i0553a.jpg |
| II | Before April 11, 1868 | 1 | Placerville Region | Shasta Courier, April 11, 1868, 2 | |
| II | Before April 11, 1868 | 1 | Placerville | Shasta Courier, April 11, 1868, 2 |
TOTAL ESTIMATED NUMBER KILLED IN REGION: 1,088-1,199
*Appendix (Appx.) refers to the reference’s location in:
Benjamin Madley, An American Genocide: The United States and the California Indian Catastrophe. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2016.
For full bibliographical references please refer to the text or Atlas credits & references
Abbreviations used in timeline:
DAC: Daily Alta Californian newspaper (San Francisco)
IWP: California Adjutant General’s Office, Military Department, Adjutant General, Indian War Papers F3753
NARA: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration
RG75, M234: U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, “Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-80”
SDU Sacramento Daily Union newspaper
For full bibliographical references please refer to the text or Atlas credits & references